Methyl methacrylate (MMA) o se vailaʻau faʻalaʻau faʻalaʻau mea mata ma polymer monomer, e masani ona faʻaaogaina i le gaosiga o tioata faʻapitoa, faʻapipiʻi palasitika, acrylics, coatings ma mea tau vailaʻau polymer aoga, ma isi. fa'amatalaga, fiber opitika, robotics ma isi matā'upu.

I le avea ai o se monomer meafaitino, MMA e masani ona faʻaaogaina i le gaosiga o le polymethyl methacrylate (e masani ona taʻua o le plexiglass, PMMA), ma e mafai foi ona faʻapipiʻiina ma isi vailaʻau vinyl e maua ai oloa e iai mea eseese, e pei o le gaosiga o le polyvinyl chloride (PVC). ) faʻaopoopoga ACR, MBS ma o se monomer lona lua i le gaosiga o acrylics.

I le taimi nei, e tolu ituaiga o faiga matutua mo le gaosiga o le MMA i le fale ma fafo: methacrylamide hydrolysis esterification auala (acetone cyanohydrin method ma methacrylonitrile method), isobutylene oxidation auala (Mitsubishi process ma Asahi Kasei process) ma ethylene carbonyl synthesis auala ( Auala BASF ma metotia Lucite Alpha).

1, Methacrylamide hydrolysis auala esterification
O lenei auala o le auala masani o le gaosiga o le MMA, e aofia ai le acetone cyanohydrin method ma le methacrylonitrile method, i le maeʻa ai o le methacrylamide intermediate hydrolysis, esterification synthesis o MMA.

(1) Acetone cyanohydrin auala (ACH method)

O le auala ACH, muamua na atiaʻe e le US Lucite, o le auala muamua o gaosiga o fale gaosi oloa a le MMA, ma o le faʻaogaina o le gaosiga o le MMA i le lalolagi i le taimi nei.O lenei metotia e faʻaaogaina ai le acetone, hydrocyanic acid, sulfuric acid ma le methanol e fai ma mea mataʻutia, ma o laʻasaga faʻaalia e aofia ai: cyanohydrinization reaction, amidation reaction and hydrolysis esterification reaction.

O le fa'agasologa o le ACH e matua fa'atekinolosi, ae o lo'o i ai fa'afitauli matuia nei:

○ Le faʻaaogaina o le hydrocyanic acid e sili ona oona, lea e manaʻomia ai ni puipuiga malosi i le taimi o le teuina, felauaiga ma le faʻaaogaina;

○ E ala i le gaosia o se aofaiga tele o mea o totoe o le acid (vaivai vai ma le sulfuric acid ma le ammonium bisulfate e avea ma vaega autu ma o loʻo i ai se vaega itiiti o mea faʻalaʻau), o le aofaʻi o le 2.5 ~ 3.5 taimi o le MMA, ma o se ogaoga. puna o le faaleagaina o le siosiomaga;

o Ona o le faʻaaogaina o le sulfuric acid, e manaʻomia ai mea e faʻafefe ai mea, ma e taugata le fausiaina o le masini.

(2) Methacrylonitrile auala (Metotia MAN)

Ua fausia e Asahi Kasei le faagasologa o le methacrylonitrile (MAN) e faavae i luga o le auala ACH, o lona uiga, o le isobutylene poʻo le tert-butanol e faʻamaʻiina e le ammonia e maua ai le MAN, lea e tali atu i le sulfuric acid e maua ai le methacrylamide, ona faʻafefe ai lea ma le sulfuric acid ma le methanol e maua ai. MMA.O le auala MAN e aofia ai le ammonia oxidation reaction, amidation reaction and hydrolysis esterification reaction, ma e mafai ona fa'aogaina le tele o meafaigaluega a le fale ACH.O le fa'aogaina o le hydrolysis e fa'aaogaina ai le sili atu o le sulfuric acid, ma o le fua o le methacrylamide intermediate e toetoe lava 100%.Ae ui i lea, o le metotia o loʻo i ai mea e sili ona oona o le hydrocyanic acid, o le hydrocyanic acid ma le sulfuric acid e matua pala, o mea e manaʻomia e tali atu e maualuga tele, ae o le siosiomaga e maualuga tele.

2、 auala fa'ama'i ole isobutylene
O le Isobutylene oxidation o le auala faʻatekonolosi sili lea mo kamupani tetele i le lalolagi ona o lona maualuga maualuga ma le puipuiga o le siosiomaga, ae o lona tulaga faʻapitoa e maualuga, ma e naʻo Iapani na i ai le tekonolosi i le lalolagi ma poloka le tekonolosi i Saina.O le metotia e aofia ai ituaiga e lua o le Mitsubishi process ma Asahi Kasei process.

(1) Mitsubishi process (isobutylene tolu-laasaga auala)

O le Mitsubishi Rayon a Iapani na atiina ae se faiga fou e gaosia ai le MMA mai le isobutylene poʻo le tert-butanol e avea ma mea mata, lua-laasaga filifilia faʻamaʻi e ala i le ea e maua ai le methacrylic acid (MAA), ona faʻamaeʻaina lea i le methanol.Ina ua uma le alamanuia o Mitsubishi Rayon, Iapani Asahi Kasei Kamupani, Iapani Kyoto Monomer Kamupani, Korea Lucky Kamupani, ma isi ua iloa alamanuia tasi ma le isi.O le kamupani Shanghai Huayi Group Company na teu faafaigaluega le tele o tagata ma punaoa tau tupe, ma ina ua mavae le 15 tausaga o taumafaiga faifaipea ma le le mafaagaloina o augatupulaga e lua, na ia atiina ae tutoatasi le lua-laasaga oxidation ma esterification o isobutylene mama gaosiga MMA tekinolosi, ma ia Tesema 2017 , na faʻamaeʻaina ma faʻaaogaina se fale gaosi oloa 50,000-ton MMA i lana kamupani faʻapisinisi faʻatasi Dongming Huayi Yuhuang o loʻo i Heze, Shandong Province, talepeina le pule faʻatekonolosi a Iapani ma avea ai ma kamupani e tasi ma lenei tekinolosi i Saina.tekinolosi, ma avea ai foi Saina ma atunuu lona lua e maua le tekinolosi alamanuia mo le gaosiga o le MAA ma le MMA e ala i le oxidation o isobutylene.

(2) Asahi Kasei fa'agasologa (isobutylene lua-laasaga fa'agasologa)

O le Faalapotopotoga a Asahi Kasei a Iapani ua leva ona tuuto atu i le atinaʻeina o auala esterification tuusaʻo mo le gaosiga o le MMA, lea na faʻaleleia lelei ma faʻaaogaina i le 1999 ma se fale gaosi oloa 60,000-ton i Kawasaki, Iapani, ma mulimuli ane faʻalauteleina i le 100,000 tone.O le auala faʻapitoa e aofia ai se tali e lua-laasaga, e pei o le faʻamaʻiina o le isobutylene poʻo le tert-butanol i le vaega o le kesi i lalo o le gaioiga a le Mo-Bi composite oxide catalyst e maua ai le methacrolein (MAL), sosoo ai ma le esterification oxidative o MAL i le vaega vai i lalo o le gaioiga a le Pd-Pb catalyst e gaosia saʻo MMA, lea o le esterification oxidative o MAL o le laasaga autu i lenei auala e maua ai le MMA.Ole auala ole faiga ole Asahi Kasei e faigofie, e na o le lua laasaga ole tali atu ma naʻo le vai e fai ma mea faʻapitoa, lea e lanu meamata ma faʻafeiloaʻi le siosiomaga, ae o le mamanu ma le sauniuniga o le catalyst e matuaʻi manaʻomia.Ua lipotia mai o Asahi Kasei's oxidative esterification catalyst ua faaleleia mai le uluai augatupulaga o le Pd-Pb i le tupulaga fou o Au-Ni catalyst.

Ina ua maeʻa le gaosiga o tekinolosi a Asahi Kasei, mai le 2003 i le 2008, na amata ai e le au suʻesuʻe faʻapitonuʻu se faʻalauteleina o suʻesuʻega i lenei vaega, ma le tele o iunite e pei o le Hebei Normal University, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Tianjin University ma Harbin Engineering University o loʻo taulaʻi atu. i luga o le atinae ma le faaleleia o Pd-Pb catalysts, ma isi. Ina ua mavae 2015, suesuega i totonu o le atunuu i Au-Ni catalysts amata O se isi taamilosaga o boom, sui o lea o Dalian Inisetiute o Inisinia Kemisi, Saina Academy o Saienisi, ua faia le alualu i luma tele i le suʻesuʻega pailate laiti, faʻamaeʻaina le optimization o nano-auro catalyst faagasologa sauniuniga, tulaga tali suʻesuʻega ma faʻaleleia tūsaʻo umi-taamilosaga suʻega suʻega suʻega, ma o loʻo galulue malosi nei ma atinaʻe e atiina ae tekinolosi alamanuia.

3. Ethylene carbonyl ala fa'apipi'i
O le tekinolosi o le ethylene carbonyl synthesis auala alamanuia e aofia ai le faagasologa BASF ma le ethylene-propionic acid methyl ester process.

(1) auala ethylene-propionic acid (fa'agasologa BASF)

O le faagasologa e aofia ai laasaga e fa: ethylene ua hydroformylated e maua ai le propionaldehyde, propionaldehyde ua condensed ma formaldehyde e maua ai MAL, MAL o le ea oxidized i totonu o se tubular tubular-moega reactor e maua ai MAA, ma MAA ua tuueseeseina ma faamamaina e maua ai le MMA esterification ma methanol.O le tali o le laasaga autu.O le faagasologa e manaʻomia ai ni laasaga se fa, lea e fai si faigata ma e manaʻomia ai meafaigaluega maualuga ma le maualuga o tupe faʻaalu, ae o le lelei o le tau maualalo o mea mata.

Ua faia fo'i fa'alavelave fa'ale-lotoifale i le atina'eina o tekonolosi o le ethylene-propylene-formaldehyde synthesis o le MMA.2017, Shanghai Huayi Group Company, i le galulue faatasi ma Nanjing NOAO New Materials Company ma le Iunivesite o Tianjin, faamaeaina se suega pailate o 1,000 tone o propylene-formaldehyde condensation ma formaldehyde i methacrolein ma le atinae o se afifi faagasologa mo se fale gaosi oloa 90,000 tone.E le gata i lea, o le Inisetiute o Process Engineering a le Chinese Academy of Sciences, i le galulue faatasi ai ma le Henan Energy and Chemical Group, na maeʻa ai le 1,000 tone pailate fale gaosi oloa ma ausia manuia le faʻagaioiga mautu i le 2018.

(2) Ethylene-methyl propionate process (Lucite Alpha process)

Lucite Alpha faʻagasologa o tulaga faʻagaioia e agamalu, e maualuga le gaosiga o oloa, faʻafaigaluegaina o laʻau ma tau o mea mataʻutia e maualalo, ma o le fua o se iunite e tasi e faigofie ona fai tele, i le taimi nei naʻo Lucite e iai le pule faʻapitoa o lenei tekinolosi i le lalolagi ma e le o. siitia atu i le lalolagi i fafo.

O le faagasologa o le Alpha ua vaevaeina i ni laasaga se lua:

Ole laasaga muamua ole tali ole ethylene ile CO ma le methanol e maua ai le methyl propionate

faʻaaogaina palladium-based homogeneous carbonylation catalyst, o loʻo i ai uiga o le maualuga o le gaioiga, maualuga le filifilia (99.9%) ma le umi o le auaunaga, ma o le tali e faia i lalo o tulaga agamalu, lea e faʻaitiitia ai le pala i le masini ma faʻaitiitia ai le faʻafaigaluegaina o tupe faavae. ;

O le laasaga lona lua o le tali atu o le methyl propionate ma le formaldehyde e fausia ai le MMA

O lo'o fa'aaogaina se fa'ato'aga fa'a-vaega fa'apitoa, lea e maualuga le filifilia o le MMA.I tausaga talu ai nei, o pisinisi i totonu o le atunuu na teufaafaigaluegaina le naunautaiga tele i le atinaʻeina o tekonolosi o le methyl propionate ma le formaldehyde condensation i le MMA, ma ua faia le alualu i luma tele i le faʻaogaina ma le faʻaogaina o le faʻaogaina o le moega, ae e leʻi oʻo atu le ola faʻamalosi i manaʻoga mo pisinisi. talosaga.